Midterm Exam Business Valuation and Stock Valuation free essay sample

It is commonly more costly to shape an ownership than a partnership in light of the fact that, with an ownership, broad authoritative records are required. (b) Corporations face less guidelines than sole ownerships. (c) One disservice of working a business as a sole ownership is that the firm is liable to twofold tax assessment, at both the firm level and the proprietor level. (d) One bit of leeway of framing a company is that value financial specialists are generally presented to less risk than in a standard organization. On the off chance that a standard association fails, each accomplice is presented to liabilities just up to the measure of their interest in the business. (2) (TCO G) A security investigator acquired the accompanying data from Prestopino Products’ fiscal reports: Retained income toward the finish of 2009 were $700,000, however held profit toward the finish of 2010 had declined to $320,000. †¢ The organization doesn't deliver profits. †¢ The company’s devaluation cost is its just non-money cost; it has no amortization charges. We will compose a custom article test on Midterm Exam Business Valuation and Stock Valuation or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page †¢ The organization has no non-money incomes. The company’s net income (NCF) for 2010 was $150,000. Based on this data, which of the accompanying proclamations is CORRECT? (Focuses : 10) (a) Prestopino had negative net gain in 2010. ( b ) Prestopino’s deterioration cost in 2010 was under $150,000. (c) Prestopino had positive total compensation in 2010, however its pay was not as much as its 2009 pay. (d) Prestopino’s NCF in 2010 must be higher than its NCF in 2009. (e) Prestopino’s money on the accounting report toward the finish of 2010 must be lower than the money it had on the monetary record toward the finish of 2009. Which of coming up next is well on the way to happen? (Focuses : 10) (a) The necessary pace of return for a normal stock will increment by a sum equivalent to the expansion in the market chance premium. (b) The necessary pace of return will decay for stocks whose betas are under 1. 0. (c) The necessary pace of profit for the market, rM, won't change because of these changes. (d) The necessary pace of return for every individual stock in the market will increment by a sum equivalent to the expansion in the market chance premium. (e) The necessary pace of profit for a riskless bond will decay.

Impacts Of Climate Change On Coastal Areas Environmental Sciences Essay

Effects Of Climate Change On Coastal Areas Environmental Sciences Essay An expansion or decline in the temperature for quite a while effectsly affects the beach front territories (Moser, 2000). An unnatural weather change in the greatest natural issue which gangs pressure and strain to the coast prompting floods and disintegrations (Shaw, 2002). Tropical or winter tempests can develop to hazardous beach front tempests, making the outside of the water fiercer (Forces of nature, 2000). Higher temperature levels in the atmosphere expands the temperature of the water, expanding the danger of low oxygen conditions undermining fish stocks and other marine living beings (David, Gordon, 2007). An Earth-wide temperature boost, high temperature level and beach front tempests require more thought and a superior arrangement is expected to defeat these to shield the coast and the earth from being lowered. In 2002, Jane S. Shaw, expressed that a worldwide temperature alteration show of being the most risky ecological issue as it can influence the whole earth and the entire world relies upon it. A worldwide temperature alteration warms the earth because of the overabundance of carbon in the air (Cunnigham, Cunningham, Saigo, Bailey, Shrubsole, 2005). The seas work is to keep the planets carbon dioxide levels in equalization or harmony however the difficult currently is that with so much carbon dioxide in the climate from consuming petroleum products, the seas, similar to the air are getting hotter (David, Gordon, 2007). At the point when the maritime water gets hotter than expected, it prompts warm extension; water atoms move quicker and turn out to be more remote separated, consuming more space (Stein, 2001). Cold seawater ingests more carbon dioxide than warm seawater, in this manner if carbon dioxide discharges keep on rising; the seas will just be too warm to even think about taking as much carbon dioxide as they have been (David, Gordon, 2007). In the North and South shafts, ice and snow reflect away sun powered radiation from the earths surface due to their splendid white shading. Higher temperatures make the ice and snow reflect less daylight, making the earth hotter (Stein, 2001). Increment in the temperature can liquefy the ice sheets into the seas (Shaw, 2002). On the off chance that the Greenland ice sheets dissolves totally, it will add enough water to raise levels all over the world by 21 feet (6.4m) (David, Gordon, 2007). In 2007, David and Gordon saw that over the most recent 100 years, worldwide ocean levels have risen 8 inches (20cm). At the point when the ocean level ascents, there is an expanded danger of floods and disintegration (Stein, 2002). When there is an excess of carbon dioxide noticeable all around, the ocean takes up the leeway, absorbing the additional carbon dioxide like a massive wipe (David, Gordon, 2007). By and large, the warmin g of the earth doesn't prompt either positive or productive outcomes. An unnatural weather change just adds to negative finishes and annihilates the globe gradually. Dissolving of the ice sheets is certifiably not a decent sign for the earth and activities towards a worldwide temperature alteration should be authorized to have the option to forestall the ice sheets from softening and raising the degree of the seas. This image of the diagram shows increment in the ocean level ascent from 1850 to 2100 and it is anticipated that the ocean level will ascend to 20 creeps till 2050 because of warm extension and the liquefying of ice sheets (Sea level ascent, 2010). There are around one billion individuals who live in beach front territories (David, Gordon, 2007). Indeed, even little levels in the ocean rise can be perilous for little islands (Shaw, 2002). Urban zones worked close to the ocean level like New York, Boston, Washington, and Miami can be in danger in light of flooding (Moser, 2000). The ascent in ocean expands the danger of waterfront flooding from rainstorms, since low regions channel all the more gradually as ocean level ascents (Climate change wellbeing, 2010). The beach front tempests become increasingly hazardous when the breeze and waves drive water more remote inland than at any other time (Stein, 2001). Beach front tempests cause a ton of harm in seaside territories, bringing about flooding and landslides (Moser, 2000). Industrialized nations, for example, United States and Europe may have the option to adapt to the risks identified with ocean level ascent however other poor nations may not (Shaw, 2002). The expansion in oce an level stances as danger to properties, foundations, seaside businesses, waterfront and marine biological systems (Moser, 2000). As a result of tropical or winter storms the sea waves strengthens on the untamed sea and these tempests make the outside of the water a lot choppier and fiercer than typical which influences the sea shores ( Forces of nature, 2000). There is gigantic loss of cash when recreational regions close to sea shores get influenced because of sea shore disintegration (Moser, 2000). Several urban areas are worked close to the ocean level and there is a great deal of cash engaged with the improvement of these urban areas. On the off chance that disintegration happens, these zones will flood. Poor nations can't bear to forestall floods or help individuals living along the seaside zones, in this way they have to secure the earth and thought of all the conceivable, conservative approaches to decrease calamitous climate change. Rising ocean temperature is viewed as the biggest danger to coral reefs today (mangroves for the, 2007). The mangroves for the in 2007 additionally expressed that when there is a higher convergence of carbon dioxide in the seawater, it will prompt sea fermentation diminishing calcification paces of calcifying living beings, for example, corals. Corals and all shellfish need a specific degree of calcium so as to make their hard shells; yet higher causticity hits the fragile parity of calcium in the water, decreasing the sum accessible to coral and shellfish to fabricate their defensive skeletons (David, Gordon, 2007). Breaking down of corrupted reefs following dying or diminished characterization may bring about expanded wave vitality across reef pads with potential for shoreline disintegration (mangroves for the, 2007). At the point when water temperature rise, the green growth can't photosynthesize, the synthetic response that changes over daylight and carbon dioxide into sugars is blocked and the coral misfortunes its wellspring of shading and turns white, as though it developed old short-term (David, Gordon, 2007). There is constrained biological and hereditary proof for adjustment of corals to hotter conditions (mangroves for the, 2007). Faded corals becomes more fragile and progressively helpless against infection, predators and tempests, it is turning into a quite weak den for extraordinary fish (David, Gordon, 2007). Numerous reefs are influenced by tropical typhoons, impacts extend from minor breakage of delicate corals to devastation of most of corals on a reef and affidavit of garbage as coarse tempest edges (mangroves for the, 2007). Beach front tempests dirty the water because of silt and contaminations with higher spillover (David, Gordon, 2007). Beach front biological systems, particularly mangroves woodlands and coral reefs go about as cushions against extraordinary climate conditions and catastrophic events, subsequently diminishing the defensel essness of seaside networks and their ventures (mangroves for the, 2007). As expressed before, the adjustment in the atmosphere can rise the ocean level which empowers living creatures that live in the sea from performing day by day typical undertakings and they in the end kick the bucket. The sea is an exceptionally large biological system for many life forms and they are totally associated with one another, the expulsion of one specie from the evolved way of life can truly influence different species. The corals go about as a significant factor in the sea and accordingly they should be ensured and the ocean level and pH should be adjusted with the goal that the corals are not dyed or influenced. Safeguard estimations should be taken toward the seaside regions in light of the fact that a ton of lives can be influenced if safety measures are not taken. Various measures of activities just as speculations are attempting to spare the earth from being lowered. The mangroves for the future (MFF) propelled an undertaking whose goal is to fortify the ecological supportability of beach front turn of events and advance sound interest in costal biological system the board as a methods for upgrading flexibility and supporting neighborhood vocations (mangroves for the, 2007). There are around various 200 million individuals who live over the world in high hazard beach front flooding regions, (how to forestall, 2010) and this MFF venture may have the option to support them. These ventures require a ton of cash to have the option to place in real life, long haul disintegration safeguard and fix requires a large number of dollars and requires the investment of a great deal of individuals (ho w to forestall, 2010). The MFF underpins and supports the idea of REDD (decreasing emanations from deforestation and biological system debasement) because of environmental change and relief choice (mangroves for the, 2007). There are safeguard measures being taken to secure the low-lying waterfront regions against harm from tidal immersion through the development of dikes fit for withstanding the foreseen storm flood stature and powers (catastrophe preventation and, 1999). These kinds of security will diminish the measure of power in the tides and may keep the sea shores from getting an unfortunate harm. The structures of seawalls, hindrance islands and sea shore sustenance can likewise shield the coast from the environmental change sway (how to do, 2010). Hindrance island is a land parcel that is comprised of sand and it keeps the beach front tempests from harming the territory of the island (Paris). The quality of beach front tempests changes the shape and the type of the islands and causes disintegration of the hills and can totally annihilate the ridge framework in the event that it is serious (Paris). One of the most hazardous impacts on earth is an unnatural weather change. A dangerous atmospheric devation accompanies colossal measures of multifaceted nature and risks for the globe. The effects of this danger should be diminished with the goal that it doesn't harm the earth and in this manner each and every individual need to live greener. There are various routes through which an Earth-wide temperature boost can be lessen. Individuals should be more vitality productive and they can do as such by killing their apparatuses when its not required, protecting

How to Put Your Education to Work on Your Resume

How to Put Your Education to Work on Your Resume Have you spent the past few years studying a degree? If you can still remember the sleepless nights at the library, you’ll be happy to know it has been for nothing. You can â€" and you should â€" put your education to work on your resume and use it to land your dream job.Now, you don’t even need to have gone to a top university to do that. In fact, you can utilize your education no matter how little or much you have it.In this post, you’ll learn about the priority when it comes to experience over education, the way to format and present different academic backgrounds, how to deal with a lack of strong educational background and what are the mistakes to avoid when writing your education segment. WHAT’S THE PRIORITY?One of the key questions surrounding resumes is whether education matters more than experience or is it the other way around. This is an important question to settle because it changes how you format and construct your resume.Now, in order to answer the question and to ultimately put your education to work on your resume successfully, you need to determine your situation. There are three different scenarios at play influencing the decision.The three scenarios and how they weigh on the education or experience debate are as follows:You are a recent graduateIf you’ve just come out of school or you are just finishing up your degree, your educational background is most likely stronger than your experience. If you’ve been a full-time student, you wouldn’t have much work experience aside from perhaps summer jobs and a few internship.On the other hand, you have a fresh degree in your pocket and a ‘career’ in school, which you can talk about.So, if you are a re cent or current graduate, you most likely want to emphasize your education.You are a seasoned professionalIf you are currently working and you have an extensive work history behind you, the academic life is probably quite far behind you. Those who’ve been working for the past five or more years will want to emphasize these accomplishments and experiences.The reason is not necessarily that their education would in any way be irrelevant. But it’s easier to highlight the skills you might have learned at school with real work experience â€" it shows you’ve put what you’ve learned to actual use.It’s also about time. Your most recent behavior and experience can tell a lot more to the hiring manager about how you’d perform in the role. It’s the most recent look at your strengths and your education from way back might not be quite as revealing.There is one exception here and that’s career in scientific and technical fields. Even with a strong work history, employers are stil l slightly more interested in your academic background because it plays such as important role in your career.Therefore, for a seasoned professional with a lot of job history, experience should take centre stage over education in the resume.You’ve changing careersNow, it might be that you’re in the midst of a career change. Perhaps you have gone back to school and obtained another degree, relevant to the new role you want to get. In this case, you will want to prioritize education over experience. This is because your experience might not be directly relevant to the new industry â€" however, with your education you can show you’ve made the transition.However, if you are looking for a career change without any re-education, you’ll still probably want to emphasize your experience. Now it’s just about showing the transferable skills you have to take with you to the new role.In the event of a career change, you’d want to consider whether you have any new education to back up your change or if you’d be better at outlining your experience.So, as a rule of thumb, if you have a lot of work experience, it will triumph your education. But if you don’t yet have a rich history of experience, you can always get your education to work for you. It is possible to present yourself as the right candidate for any role with a strong education segment. HOW SHOULD THE EDUCATION SECTION LOOK?So, what does the education segment look like? How should you start building it? A lot depends on your education background. Let’s start with two of the most common credentials you might talk about. These are:Your university or other higher level education.Your high school or other secondary education.The information to include about your university or other higher-level educationYou should start with your possible university degree or other higher-level education. The information to include when listing your degrees is:The type of degree and the subject studied. This should al so include the level of study.The name of the institution and its location. There’s no need for the full address.The year of graduation.Here are two formatting options for you to use:Education  2015 MA in English Literature University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA2010 BA in Politics Harvard University, Cambridge, MAEducation  University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA MA in English Literature Graduated in 2015Harvard University, Cambridge, MA BA in Politics Graduated in 2010These three are the must-have information you need. However, you can also add optional information, especially if you feel it’s relevant to the job position and helpful in terms of showing your value to the organization. This additional information can include:The grade you achieved.Any awards, honors, coursework, extracurricular activities and publications you might have done and achieved as part of the specific degree/time at the institution.Here are a few formatting examples for you to look at:Educat ion2015 MA in English Literature University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 4.0 GPAEducationUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA MA in English Literature Graduated in 2015 with 4.0 GPAEducation2015 MA in English Literature University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Relevant coursework: Business Communication, Thesis on Small Business Marketing Extracurricular activities: President of the Debating SocietyNow, in terms of the grades, it’s always best to list the honors rather than the GPA score you received (especially if you graduated with great honors). It’s more prestigious and therefore, matters more to the employer than your grades. Here’s an example for listing your honors:EducationUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Honours in MA in English Literature, Magna Cum LaudeEducationUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA MA in English Literature Recipient of English Literature HonoursThe information to include about your high school or other secondary educationIf you are relying on your education section (instead of work experience), you might also want to include information regarding your high school or other secondary education. This might also be your highest level of education and you can outline it in your resume with these simple tips.The information you should include for each institution is:School name and its location. Again, no need to add the full address.The year of graduation.Just like with the university degree, you can also list any honors, awards and extracurricular activities you feel are relevant to the role.Here are two examples of what your segment might look like with the above information in mind:EducationStrawberry Fields High School, Strawberry Fields, PA Graduated in 2005EducationStrawberry Fields High School, Strawberry Fields, PA Graduated in 2005 Extracurricular activities: Student Representative in the School Council, Maths Tutor for first year studentsWhat if you didn’t graduate or you’re still studying?Now, you might be faced with two scenarios when it comes to building your resume with the above in mind. First, you might have left school without graduation. The other scenario is that you’re applying for jobs while you’re still studying. How do you include this incomplete information to your resume?In these scenarios, you want to list both your university or high school education. But instead of saying when you graduated, you just talk about the years of attendance. For example, you would outline your education like this:EducationStrawberry Fields High School, Strawberry Fields, PA Attended school from 2004-2006EducationHarvard University, Cambridge, MA 2009-2010 Completed 50 credits towards BA in PoliticsStrawberry Fields High School, Strawberry Fields, PA Graduated in 2005Furthermore, if you attended university or are still at university, you can also include any relevant credits you might have already obtained. For example, you can write:EducationHarvard University , Cambridge, MA 2009-2010 Completed 50 credits towards BA in PoliticsEducationHarvard University, Cambridge, MA BA in Politics in ProgressEducationHarvard University, Cambridge, MA BA in Politics Expected Graduation in 2018You can also talk about any other relevant coursework and achievements you’ve obtained during your time. Perhaps you received a stipend or you took special courses that would be relevant to the position you’re applying to.Now, if you are still studying, then you should also include the expected year of graduation, as in the above example. Don’t include any expected grades at this point â€" speculation doesn’t look that good.Quick formatting rulesWith the above in mind, here are the quick formatting guidelines to follow when editing your education segment:Your highest degree should always go first. Your PhD trumps your second Bachelor’s Degree, even if the latter is more recent.The rest in reverse-chronological order from the most recent to the latest.If you’ve finished higher secondary education, you don’t need to mention your lower school levels at all.WHAT IF YOU’RE EDUCATION BACKGROUND IS LACKING IN CREDENTIALS?The above tips and examples will help you create a beautiful education segment that works for your benefit. But you might still be feeling a little concerned. Perhaps you don’t have enough substance â€" perhaps your education background is patchy and shaky. What can you do?It is possible to create a strong education segment even when you don’t have much to show. You don’t need to worry or think you are doomed â€" there are always ways to make your resume stand out.If you don’t have a lot of things to talk about and you feel the education segment lacks substance, you can instead include a different segment. This is called the “Professional Development” section. It’s a good alternative for those who’ve struggled to get through official academic institutions and gain degrees.So, what to include in your “Professional Development” section? You need to include information like:List of courses you’ve taken â€" You don’t need to include just full degrees but you can mention any courses you’ve taken and passed during your time. This can also include online courses or other such individual courses you’ve attended.Training you’ve been part of â€" You might also have trained in certain relevant ways. For example, you might have trained as first aid person or attended a training course for managers and you can list these in this segment whether they’ve been official or not.Seminars and conferences you’ve attended â€" You should also list any seminars or conferences you’ve attended. It’s especially good if you’ve spoken in these or taken part of the workshops.The idea here is to show your passion towards the industry and your relevant knowledge about the field. You essentially want to show that despite not having official academic qualifications, you’ve still been o btaining information and training to perform well in the role. It’s just about showing that willingness to work hard.Now, here the important point is to include relevant information. You don’t want to list courses or seminars that don’t have anything to do with the position you’re applying to. The whole point of a resume is to show why you’re the best person for that role. Whether it is listing your academic institutions or your online courses, the key is to always ensure they show your match for the role â€" it’s not just a meaningless list of things you’ve done.Here’s an example of the segment:Professional DevelopmentCertified Associate in Project Management, 2009Attended Leadership Seminar Training in Cambridge, 200830 Credits in Open University Management Course, 2006WHAT ARE THE MISTAKES TO AVOID?The above tips and tricks will help you focus on your education in a positive light. You will be able to present your education as a strength and benefit. By following the tips, you should create a clean and crisp section for education upon which to build your resume.However, you need to avoid a few things when putting your education to work on your resume. These can destroy all the good aspects of your education segment and end up ruining your resume â€" the hiring manager won’t enjoy reading the education segment but rather cringes to it.So, if you want to avoid mistakes and problems with your resume, you need to keep a few things in mind. The most important rules to follow are to:Never lie or fabricate things. Everything on your resume should be the truth but it’s especially important to speak the truth about your education. Attendance, graduation and even scores are all knowledge your potential employer can check â€" if you fabricate the information, you’ll end up hurting yourself more. As the above shows, it’s not the end of the world if your education background is patchy and less-than-perfect. You can present it in a better way to m ake up for these problems but if you lie, you will set yourself up for failure in the job hunt.Always reverse the order. Your education segment should always start with the most recent institution and degree. Even if certain achievements or schools might look better, you need to list the things in reversed chronological order.Only include relevant information. If your education background is extensive and you have attended a range of schools and taken many courses, you can limit the list to the relevant information. If you’ve obtained a vocational degree in animal care, but you are applying for a marketing position, you definitely don’t have to mention this degree â€" given that you have other more relevant qualifications.Add a separate section for honors and achievements if needed. If you have achieved a lot of awards and honors during your academic career, you might want to consider adding a separate section for these.THE BOTTOM LINEEveryone can put their education to work on their resume. The key is to strike a balance between your education and your experience and harness the one that’s more beneficial in your case. Furthermore, you need to include relevant information â€" researching that job description is important because it helps you understand your strengths regarding the role.Don’t be afraid if your education history isn’t perfect â€" your resume doesn’t have to reveal it all. You can include as much or as little information as you want â€" just make it work with the above tips.

How Can A Christian Counselor Effectively Counsel Clients

How can a Christian counselor effectively counsel clients while holding to their convictions of faith? This question is one that many have to think upon. In reading the textbook for this class, the author takes the secular theories and breaks them apart. As a counselor, Christian or not, it is very important to pull from different theories rather than devote solely to one theory. Each individual coming in to the therapist’s office is wired differently in personality and belief system. As a Christian therapist, it is important to know the individual in the client’s chair. Being open with them about where one stands spiritually is a priority. The goal is to be able to take any theory and â€Å"think† Christianly. Every counselor is different, but there are central characteristics that one must focus their practice on while working with clients. The main goal as a Christian therapist is to integrate psychology, professional ethics, Scripture and the very character o f Jesus in a way that never compromises the authority of God. Through out Modern Psychotherapies, it lines out secular psychological perspectives. The text shows us what to look for from a Christian perspective, but it doesn’t throw the theories out altogether. There are different groups of Christian counselors. There are those who want nothing to do with secular psychology and their theories. There are therapists who pick and choose from several theories and use the Bible separately. There are also those who choose toShow MoreRelatedAn Ethical Dilemma in Counseling: Deciding Between Two Rights624 Words   |  3 Pagesan ethical dilemma can place a professional counselor in a precarious position, thereby compromising the effectiveness of the therapy, the trust in the client-practitioner relationship, and the counselors professional standing. 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The Success Of The Great Recession - 1320 Words

The Great Recession began in December 2007 and officially ended in June 2009 while many macroeconomic forces were at fault, the primary cause was securitizations of debt. While debt is an important part of any economy, allowing for the financing of business activities, the purchase of homes, and continuing education, there is also an inherent risk in the system. Most debt is issued in with fixed rate interest, though during the 1970 s a new instrument was introduced to both consumers and businesses, which was variable rate loans. This instrument, allowed for introductory rates for a short time frame, then becomes a variable rate, which is normally 200 basis points above the going rate for standard fixed loans. Though a relatively new instrument, it allowed for the most recent recession to become one of the largest losses of capital in recent history, as millions of homeowners were allowed to purchase homes, which they could not afford. 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Digital Bangladesh Prospect or Mere Dream Free Essays

The Probability of Digital Bangladesh with reference to Education Submitted To Md. Saiful Islam Associate Professor Chairman, Department of Management Islamic University, Kushtia Submitted by Md. Toufiqur Rahman BBA (hon’s) 8th Semester Roll Number: 0405002 Session: 2004-2005 Department of Management Islamic University, Kushtia Date of Submission Table of Contents Chapter| Title| page| 1| Digital Divide 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Bangladesh: Prospect or Mere Dream or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Meaning of Digital Divide 1. Digital Divide in Bangladesh : A Global Comparison| | 2| Probability of Digital Bangladesh 2021 with reference to Education2. 1 Meaning of Digital Bangladesh2. 2 Digital Bangladesh in Education| | 3| References | |Chapter 1 Digital Divide 1. 1 Meaning of Digital Divide This digital revolution has created a brand new economic sector that simply did not exist before. Computers, modern telecommunication and the Internet all reduce communication costs and break down geographical borders. In the developed nations government policies are being established which attempts o ensure that all citizens will get opportunity to access the effective use of ICTs in order to enable them to participate in the educational, social and economic activities and democratic process. Developed countries are getting much benefit from the advancement of ICT. So, there is a digital divide between developed and developing countries. The concept of the digital divide has been used to highlight difference in electronic access to information based on economic, race, ethnic or social group and/or geographical location.The term digital divide has been applied to the gap that exists in most countries between those with ready access to the tools of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and those without such access or skills. It is â€Å"a gap, which tends to deepen, is produced between those individuals that can access new information and communication tools such as phones, TV sets or the Internet, and those who are too poor to get them between the have’s and the have nots† (de Munster, 2004).People living in developed countries have the best access to the fastest computers, best telephone services, competitive Internet Service Providers, and a wealth of content and training relevant to their lives. On the other hand, people living in developing countries have limited access or no access at all to these technologies. The group â€Å"have nots† also don’t have the more ability to use ICTs and even they don’t know that technology can make their life easier. The real gap between these two groups of people is called the â€Å"digital divide† (Giri, 2002). Digital divide also refers to a â€Å"perceived inequality in access to, distribution, and use of information technology between two or more populations† (www. Bridges. org). The digital divide – the gap between those who have access and the ability to use ICT, and those who do not – remains vast access. (Legard, 2001): For example 1. The total Internet bandwidth in Africa is equal to that in the Brazilian city of Sao Paolo. 2. The total Internet bandwidth in all of Latin America is equal to that in Seoul, South Korea. 3. In the United States, 54. 3 percent of citizens use the Internet, compared to a global average of 6. 7 percent.In the Indian subcontinent, the proportion is 0. 4 percent. 1. 2 Digital Divide in Bangladesh: A Global Comparison The ICT status of Bangladesh is not remarkable without some favorable initiatives by the Government and by private entrepreneurs. Computer use in Bangladesh started with a mainframe computer in 1964. The Internet came in Bangladesh in 1993 and IP connectivity in 1996. In April 2000, the Government withdraws taxes on VSAT after that, the use of Internet scenario of the country has been changing rapidly. Presently, there are nearly 266 ISPs serving for accountholders-based connectivity with more than 500,000 users.The Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology approved the national ICT policy in 2002. South East Asia-Middle East-West Europe (SEA-ME-WE-4) is a submarine cable consortium connecting 14 counties at 16 landing stations. Bangladesh joined the consortium and signed a MoU on 4 September 2002 at Bali in Indonesia, and then signed the Construction and Maintenance Agreement in 2004 in Dubai. After four years of joining the consortium, on 21 May 2006, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh inaugurated this submarine cable connecting with Bangladesh.The total length of the cable is 22,000 km (approx. ), where the Bangladesh landing station is 1,260 km away from the Cox’s Bazar seashore. Despite all these the digital divide in Bangladesh is much bigger than other countries in the world. Some Statistical data reveal that the country is divided in two groups approximately 99. 8% and 0. 2 % from which the latter is digitally educated. A global comparison is shown on the next page to find out the position of Bangladesh. References Bridges. org. Spanning the digital divide: understanding and tackling the issues. www. bridges. org/spanning e Munster, IL (2004). The digital divide in Latin America: a case study. 70th IFLA General Conference and Council.Buenos Aires, Argentina, 22-27 August 2004. Giri, J (2002). Digital Divide. Paper presented at ICT and development for computer association of Nepal IT conference, January 26-27, 2002 in Kathmandu. (www. interconnection. org/resources/itpoverty. htm) World Bank (2005). World development indicators 2005. Washington, DC: World Bank World Bank (2006). World development indicators 2006. Washington, DC: World Bank Chapter 2 Probability of Digital Bangladesh 2021 2. 1 Meaning of Digital Bangladesh Digital Bangladesh† is currently the most commonly used words in politics, media, among the intellectuals and the civil societies. Since our Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in her party’s election manifesto pledged to develop a digital Bangladesh by 2021, it has given a great hope to the citizens of Bangladesh.Let us now explore the buzzword digital Bangladesh. What does it really mean? Moving towards digital Bangladesh does not imply that the urban young groups of the country will be more sophisticated consumers of high-tech devices like computers, digital cameras, latest model mobile sets or camcorders etc. ased on high-speed Internet infrastructure and promote the dejuice culture. Rather discarding this superficial notion, we need to consider the term ‘digital Bangladesh’ objectively. Broadly speaking, a digital society ensures an ICT driven knowledge-based society where information will be readily available on line and where all possible tasks of the government, semi-government and also private spheres will be processed using the state of the art technology.So, a digital Bangladesh must guarantee efficient and effective use of modern ICT in all spheres of the society with a view to establishing good governance. In other word, making Bangladesh a digital one, we have to establish technology driven e-governance, e-commerce, e-production, e-agriculture, e-health etc. in the society emphasizing the overall development of the common people, the major stakeholders of the country. In the field of ICT, our only grand success lies in Mobile telecommunication which has brought an abrupt change in telecommunication scenario of the country.However, in the o ther spheres of ICT, our achievement is very insignificant and we are still far away from transforming ourselves into a knowledge-based society. Building strong ICT infrastructure is the pre-requisite for making Bangladesh a digital one. For this, we need to focus on the education system first, because the possibility of digital Bangladesh can only be increased when we will be able to educate our next generation with the base of ICT. Present ICT Profile of Bangladesh on the basis of Asia-Pacific Development Information Program is shown on the next page. 2. Digital Bangladesh in Education Digital Bangladesh in education can be visualized when the education system will be completely dependent to the digital systems. Currently the country’s education system is no way near to the digital systems.The teachers give their lectures using traditional books and black boards. The students are going to their respective institutions, hearing lectures, cramming before examination, appearing in the examination and getting degrees. In true sense education system in Bangladesh will be digital if we can achieve the followings by the year 2021. ) Primary Education Level: All the students in the primary level should have a basic knowledge of ICT by the completion of their primary level education. b) Secondary Education Level: Students should practise technical aspects of the theoretical knowledge they gain. c) Tertiary Education Level: Students should try to find out the ways to use ICT in their respective field of study and develop themselves.d) Lecturing System: Teachers should be using computers and the Internet to teach their students in the most convenient way and with the latest information. ) Exams and Results: The students will appear in exams online and the results will be published within seconds after the end of the exams. f) 2. 3 Present Scenario of Digital Education in Bangladesh At present there is no structure for digital education in Bangladesh in the primary, secondary and higher secondary level of education. Students do not have better ideas about the better use of information and communication technology and gaining digital knowledge. At the university level the only a part of students are gaining digital education formally. How to cite Digital Bangladesh: Prospect or Mere Dream, Papers

Ramayana Essay Example For Students

Ramayana Essay In the Ramayana by Valmiki each character was unique in there own way which made the story interesting. Rama, Sita, and Ravana each were connected and had there tie in with each other. Each had there own unique tragic flaw that lead to there own unique conflict. Ramas tragic flaw was that he is loyal and that lead to his human vs self conflict. Sitas tragic flaw is that she is too naive and that leads to her human vs human conflict. Last but not least Ravanas tragic flaw is that he is cocky and this leads to his human vs human conflict. The main character in the in the text is the brave husband Rama. Ramas tragic flaw is that hes loyal. This tragic flaw is shown on page 342 when the text says, tell me what i must do. i will obey my father even if he wishes me to drink poison and die. This part of the text demonstrates Ramas tragic flaw because it shows how strong his loyalty is to his father. This tragic flaw leads to Ramas internal conflict because he wasnt sure if he made the right decision. This conflict is evident on page 352 when the text states,my heart knows that sita is pure et my subjects force me to renounce my devoted wife for a second time. Ramas conflict in this passage is character vs self. The conflict is related to his tragic flaw because his loyalty made him chose over his subjects causing him to feel guilty. The second main character in the text is Ramas wife Sita. Sitas tragic flaw is that she is too naive making her easily fooled. This tragic flaw is show on page 347 when the text says, please rama follow that deer and capture it for me. This part of the text demonstrates Sitas tragic flaw because she actually believes that she is seeing a golden deer. This tragic flaw leads to sitas external conflict because she is easily fooled by ravanas trick. This conflict is evident on page 349 when Sita steps out of the magic circle to aid the old man and the old man changes into rawana abducting Sita. Sitas conflict in this passage is character vs human. The conflict is related to her tragic flaw because by being naive she was easily fooled and ended up being abducted. The third main character in the text is the evil Ravana. Ravanas tragic flaw is that hes cocky. This tragic flaw is show on page 357 when the text says, Ravana was so certain of victory. This part of the text demonstrates Ravanas tragic flaw because he believed with out a doubt that he was going to win the battle. This tragic flaw leads to Ravanas external conflict because he under estimated Rama. This conflict is evident during the last battle of the story when Rama and his army defeat Ravana. Ravanas conflict in this passage is character vs human. The conflict is related to his tragic flaw because his cockiness leads to his defeat. In essence, all the characters are driven into their conflicts by their conflicts by their tragic flaws. Rama deals with his internal conflict because of his loyalty. Sita deals with her external conflict because of her naiveness. Lastly, Ravana deals with his external conflict because of his cockiness. These tragic flaws and conflicts connect the characters because each of there tragic flaws connected them to have a conflict with each other.